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Power steering pump   |
| Earlier HICAS versions used hydraulics to steer the rear wheels. The hydraulic system was powered by the power steering pump and used speed sensors to determine how much and in which direction to steer the rear wheels. |
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Sensor |
| In the broadest definition, a sensor is an object whose purpose is to detect events or changes in its environment, and then provide a corresponding output. A sensor is a type of transducer; sensors may provide various types of output, but typically use electrical or optical signals. For example, a thermocouple generates a known voltage (the output) in response to its temperature (the environment) There are many kinds of sensors to help driving, safety and parking and so on. (Airbag, Automatic transmission speed, Camshaft position, Coolant temperature, Crankshaft position, Fuel level, Fuel Pressure, Knock, Light, Oil level, Oil pressure, O2 sensor, Mass flow sensor etc.) |
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Shock Absorber |
| In a vehicle, shock absorbers reduce the effect of traveling over rough ground, leading to improved ride quality and vehicle handling. While shock absorbers serve the purpose of limiting excessive suspension movement, their intended sole purpose is to damp spring oscillations. Shock absorbers use valving of oil and gasses to absorb excess energy from the springs. Spring rates are chosen by the manufacturer based on the weight of the vehicle, loaded and unloaded. Some people use shocks to modify spring rates but this is not the correct use. |
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Spark Plug & Cable |
| A spark plug is a device for delivering electric current from an ignition system to the combustion chamber of a spark-ignition engine to ignite the compressed fuel/air mixture by an electric spark, while containing combustion pressure within the engine. The ignition cables, also known as “spark plug wires” are part of the ignition system. They transfer the spark from the distributor or ignition coil to spark plugs that ignite the air-fuel mixture, starting the engine. |
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Steering Gears |
| Steering rack moves from left to right and provides the force to turn the wheels. Some use hydraulic power to assist steering, while others use electric power. Pinion gear moves the steering rack that makes the wheels turn. On some older rear-wheel drive vehicles, the column first goes into a recirculating ball gearbox that dictates how much the rotation of the steering wheel affects the front wheels. |
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